Transcending dualism in public administration

**An edited version of this article was published in the September 2011 issue of the Penang Economic Monthly.

The old Greek philosophy has a famous law, the law of non-contradiction which says, a thing cannot be its opposite in the same time space continuum. In plain English, this  is what we call “Either..or” thinking, or in plainer English, a durian cannot be at the same time a mangosteen.